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Puerto Rico hosted Yahweh, every DNA needed to bring Back Christ senior it is already done and cannot be undone
For me personally I found an interest to find out more of my origin when for many years in the US people from different backgrounds kept asking me if I was from their country. Egyptian, Korean, Colombia, Venezuela, Mexico, etc etc. People would come up to me excited thinking I was one of them(I worked with people during that time and engaged with 100s of people daily). That gave me curiousity ever since I have always been like way ehtnically ambigous that at times even relatives used to call me a different ethnicity as a joke.
For the ignorant and for the true innocent and young that is trying to get knowledge, you guys need to do better research about DNA testing so that you stop hallucinating about "native" blood and other myths. According to Liane Jensen, member of the Association of Professional Genealogists: “DNA tests are not 100% accurate. Some high-level points about DNA testing: Ethnicity estimates are pretty good to the continent level. Estimates from the major companies for the same person can vary widely. We inherit DNA from a subset, not all of our ancestors. The estimates will change as more data is gathered. DNA testing is more valuable as a tool to connect to relatives than to get an estimate of ethnicity.”
In case it is helpful, a short article about interpreting ethnicity estimates: https://genealogymom.wordpr…
Now let’s read together a 2007 article in the journal Science, about ancestry DNA testing, in which the authors write: “Because race has such profound social, political and economic consequences, we should be wary of allowing the concept to be redefined in a way that obscures its historical roots and disconnects from its cultural and socioeconomic context. The article recommends that the American Society of Human Genetics and other genetic and anthropological associations develop policy statements that make clear the limitations and potential dangers of genetic ancestry testing. Among the potentially problematic byproducts of widespread genetic ancestry testing: questionable claims of membership to Native American tribes for financial or other benefits; patients asking doctors to take ancestry tests into consideration when making medical decisions; and skewed census data due to people changing ethnicity on government forms. Moreover, many Americans are emotionally invested in finding an ancestral homeland, and thus vulnerable to a test that can produce mixed results at best and false leads at worse. ‘This search for a homeland is particularly poignant for African Americans, who hope to recapture a history stolen by slavery.'”
As Adam Rutherford, a British geneticist and author of the excellent book “A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived,” explained, we’ve got a fundamental misunderstanding of what an ancestry DNA test even does. “They’re not telling you where your DNA comes from in the past,” he said, “They’re telling you where on Earth your DNA is from today.” Heritage DNA tests are more accurate for some groups of people than others, depending how many people with similar DNA to yours have already taken their test. Ancestry and 23andMe have actually both published papers about how their statistical modeling works. As Ancestry puts it: “When considering Ancestry DNA estimates of genetic ethnicity it is important to remember that our estimates are, in fact, estimates. The estimates are variable and depend on the method applied, the reference panel used, and the other customer samples included during estimation.”
Now lets see what Sheldon Krimsky, the Lenore Stern Professor of Humanities and Social Sciences and an adjunct professor in public health and community medicine at Tufts. And author of Genetic Justice and board chair of the Council for Responsible Genetics, recently co-wrote “Ancestry DNA Testing and Privacy: A Consumer Guide” have to say about DNA testing services:
There’s a big chunk of data—actually the majority—that these genetics-testing services don’t use. Your DNA contains millions of SNPs, but these tests are selectively looking at certain genetic variations and use between 100 to 300 AIMs, which account for a small part of the SNPs that differentiate the human family. So even if a test says you are 50 percent European, really it can only report that half of those SNPs of your DNA looks to be European.
The results are further skewed by the fact that certain ancestry information markers used by any particular test may come from only your paternal line (Y chromosome) or your maternal line (mitochondrial DNA). Tests using these markers are less accurate.
Finally, these testing services use DNA from modern populations in these regions to draw conclusions about people who lived in those areas hundreds or thousands of years ago. It’s a big leap to assume that the particular SNPs used by the tests have remained constant for all that time.
I found a great explanation of what this means written by The Genetic Genealogist, Blaine Bettinger. In his article Problems with AncestryDNA’s Genetic Ethnicity Prediction? he explains that everyone has two family trees, a genealogical and a genetic tree. Here is an excerpt:
“Your Genealogical Tree is the tree containing ALL of your ancestors. However, only a tiny subset of these individuals actually (randomly) contributed DNA to the genome that you walk around with today. These ancestors are the only individuals in your Genetic Tree. It has been estimated, for example, that at 10 generations, only about 10-12% of ancestors in your Genealogical Tree are actually in your Genetic Tree!
“Accordingly, even if a decent percentage of your ancestors at 10 generations originated in the British Isles, there is possibility that your DNA – and thus your Genetic Ethnicity Prediction – could include very little or absolutely no British Isles ancestry, simply because of the rules of genetics.”
I have an idea folks. I am from the US. I don't really care if you identify (or try to) with some little speck that one clings onto. Let's look at the world…first. Imagine this just for a moment. Let's put together (geographically) North America, Central America, including Caribbean countries, and South America. Here is my rationale, aside from the local indigenous population(s), which some still – thankfully – live in this part of the hemisphere, all of these Continents I mentioned above are what I call "The Americas". Most, if not all, are imigrant countries in the past, and to some degree in the present. All of are gene pools in what I call "The Americas – as stated above" will always be highly mixed from several different countries because for some reason or another, many of our ancestors arrived here looking for a better life due to local poverty, and in other cases, their relatives – a long time ago – were forced to come "The Americas", not necessarily on their own volition. So, whenever I decide to take my DNA test, nothing will surprise me and if it does, then it should be for the good. "The Americas" all share one thing, a historical account of mixing from different continents (sometimes it is so far back, it is not apparent to our eyes), even if our skin tones, eye color, height,etc do not match to what the media portrays today. Sorry if I ranted, but it's 2018, let's concentrate in creating our own culture rather than looking to another continent to fill our voids. Sorry, I just let out a lot of info. Hope people are not offended because that was not my intention from the start. Sleep well everyone:)
I agree with you.
I think you're on point as to the reason of why all the PR DNA videos. I was curious about our background not just because of DNA and phenotypes, but also because of our Irish, German, French and Italian surnames, vocabulary, pronunciations and customs. I have been reading and here are some excerpts that shed light on the DNA and phenotype diversity. “At the beginning of the 19th century, the Spanish colonies in the western hemisphere fought for independence. By 1825, the Spanish Empire had lost control of all of its territories in the Americas with the exception of Puerto Rico and Cuba. These two possessions were also demanding more autonomy, and pro-independence movements had been gathering strength. Trying to forestall the loss of these colonies, the Spanish Crown revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. It printed the decree and distributed copies throughout Europe to attract non-Spanish settlers. The Crown offered free land on the condition that new settlers swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church. They hoped to supplant the independence movement with new settlers.
During the latter part of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century, great economic and political changes occurred in Europe. There was also the Irish Potato Famine, cholera epidemics in Europe and European and French revolutions. These conditions led to a massive European immigration to the Americas. Hundreds of Corsicans, Italians, French, Portuguese, Irish, Scots, and Germans, attracted by the offers of free land by the Spanish Crown, moved to the colonies of Puerto Rico and Cuba and accepted the conditions.
About 450,000 European immigrants settled in Cuba and Puerto Rico during this period. The new settlers soon adopted the language and customs of their new homelands, and many intermarried with the local residents. Many became prominent business and political leaders. The Royal Decree ceased to have effect in 1898.”
Born in the 70's I was brought up knowing about the jewish people diaspora, & our diaspora. Us born & raised in the island with those abroad where thought to be the 2nd cultural group with the most expansion around the world since USA troops landed 1898. Also the fact that unlike the rest of our Latin American cousins; our culture embraces the triad mix of cultures. Once creole culture in the americas, formed & set apart from the rest. Therefore is also my understanding that no matter how much Native American Arawak Taino Indian, European & African DNA we have our cultural bonds mainly prevails above the tests, still highly interesting to know for many. Hope this sheds some light.
The reason why so many of us are doing the dna test, is because we long to know who and what we are as opposed to being told by Non-Puerto Ricans. As this has been the case for the past one hundred years. In 1898 Puerto Rico was an overseas province of Spain. Every Puerto Rican had Spanish citizenship. As an island we had more rights than we do now under USA control. After the US invasion the narrative of who we were was drastically changed. these for the most part were written by non-Puerto Ricans or Puerto Ricans who were educated on the mainland. Our Indigenous ancestry was totally denied and we were presented as a country of mostly Black and White mixed bloods with very little connection to Spain or Europe. The DNA studies have shown that we still retain Indigenous dna and almost 80% of the population has between 15% and 23% indigenous ancestry. That the Sub Saharan ancestry runs almost neck and neck with the Indigenous contribution and it is not always higher. That the majority of the population has a dominant European contribution between 60% and 75% and that while most people have some Italian, Greek, Jewish or French ancestry the highest contributions do come from the Iberian peninsular . With this information we can begin to correct the narrative and begin to define our selves for ourselves. We can take pride in our ancestry and celebrate our African, Indigenous and European roots while still addressing realistically our issues with Colorism and other symptoms of colonialism. We can admit as an island that we still have minorities and need to ensure that their rights are protected.
I did 24genetics ancestry test (https://24genetics.it/ ) It is the most complete in ancestry to me with more than 400 regions, you can do it also from 23andme raw data. I´m for example 24% italian (Sardinia 14%, Sicily 8%, Trentino 2%). Hope you to do a video of this company!
My DNA from 23andMe is 68% European 41% Iberian Peninsula "Portugal" 12% Native American 10% sub-Saharan My family are from Yabucoa Puerto Rico on both sides. From my heritage DNA change,I am 57% Iberian Peninsula 24% Native American and 9% Africa I am skeptical about this 24% Central American.I thought my family were from Spain I am wrong there from Portugal.
You will find ithat the lighter skinned people in the Caribbean are more racially diverse because of PIRATES and European ships visiting those areas trading and chasing PIRATES. Pirate crews were made up of various ethnicities.
Let me educate you, REAL Puerto Ricans in Puerto Rico know who they are!!! They dont need DNA tests to tell them. Most Puerto Ricans are of European heritage and white. Others are black. Others are of mixed race. Few are asians and others are arabs or Jewish ….
DNA tests are not 100% accurate. Some high-level points about DNA testing: Ethnicity estimates are pretty good to the continent level. Estimates from the major companies for the same person can vary widely. We inherit DNA from a subset, not all of our ancestors. The estimates will change as more data is gathered.
DNA testing is more valuable as a tool to connect to relatives than to get an estimate of ethnicity.
In case it is helpful, a short article about interpreting ethnicity estimates: https://genealogymom.wordpr…
I'm Puerto Rican My results are
51.7% European:North and West European 22.7%Iberian 22.4%Balkan 4.7%JewishAshkenazi 1.9%
27.4% African:Nigerian 18%Central African 1.4%North African (Arabic) 7.6%
20.9 % Central American
58% euro 22% African and 15% native American. = Me. PuertoRican
Im 22% African.and total 17 ethnicities. Check out my vid
You are soooo stupid. Why don't you ask that of USA? So many races in the USA every person ranges from so many shades and colors
if you ask me there's very little amount of P.R. showing there videos compare to the rest . this is why you are getting so many dislikes.
I’m Puerto Rican and got 68% European, 18% Native American, 9% African, 4% Middle eastern
Good question. I am 100% Puerto Rican but grew up in the states so I think for me my general interest in my heritage and my family tree/genealogy has been mostly shaped by the fact that I did not grow up in Puerto Rico but in Dallas and at that time there were no Puerto Ricans in Dallas. So I was interested in my own cultural roots.
Nope, around 0-20% on average. 20% is on the high side too. It’s pretty low for the Caribbean. It went from spanish rule to USA rule. They are actually mostly European Iberians ( Spanish, Sardinian, Italian, French) with small native (Taino) and African mixtures. Spain allowed European Catholics to immigrate to Puerto Rico. Dominicans on the other hand are between 30-50% African. However they have more Northern European dna, because Trujillo ( dictator) wanted to whiten them up and created incentives for Europeans to immigrate.
Most Puerto Rican’s do have North African heritage, but it’s very common in Southern Europe. Spaniard and Puerto Rican’s have very similar ways of speaking spanish too.
I’m Puerto Rican and got 72% European, 15% Native American, 12% African, 1% Middle East.